Movable breech for automatic pistols



June 19, 1923. 1,459,286

J. DECLAYE MOVABLE BREECH FOR AUTOMATIC PISTOLS Filed June 16. 1921 fwrewfof':

Patented June 19, 1923.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MOVABLE BREECI-I FOR AUTOMATIC PISTOLS.

Application filed June 16, 1921.

To all 'whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, JOSEPH DECLAYE, a subject of the King of Belgium, residing at Liege, Belgium, 32 rue Adolphe Borgnet, have invented certain new and useful lmproved Movable Breeches for Automatic Pistols; and l do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of references marked, which form a part of this specification.

The present invention relates to an automatic pistol comprising a movable breech in the interior of which the return spring is housed7 and it particularly relates to pistols in which the return spring surrounds the barrel. lt has particularly for its object to allow of the easy introduction and removal of the closure ring against which the return spring bears. y

This closure means is constituted by a sleeve or ring adapted to be fixed on the front part of the movable breech and provided with an internal iiange against which the end of the return spring bears. In one particularly advantageous form of the invention the said sleeve surrounds exteriorly the front part of the movable breech.

The securing of this sleeve is effected by means of a bayonet fastening. For this purpose the interior surface of the sleeve is provided with projections adapted to engage in grooves provided in the periphery of the front part of the movable breech.

In order to verify from the exterior if the said sleeve is in the desired angular position, it is provided, as well as in the movable breech, with indicating marks; these may advantageously be constituted by two grooves which, in the securing position, come into alignment so as to form the sight.

The accompanying drawings represent, by way of example, one method of carryin@ out the invention. In these drawings:

Figure l shows, in perspective, a movable breech.

Figure 2 shows, in perspective, the sleeve Serial No. 478,068.

intended for closing the front part of the Jfront portion an opening 19 of a diameter vsuch that it allows of the easy passage therethrough of the return spring 1, in view of its introduction and removal. This opening is usually formed in a member 5 which is easily reniovable, This member 5 consists of a sleeve fixed on the upper part 1G of the breech 2 and which is provided with a flange 4L forming a bearing for the front end of the return spring 1 surrounding the barrel 3. The fixing of the sleeve 5 is assured by a bayonet fastening. For this purpose (Figures 2, 3 and 4) in the front portion 16 of the breech 2 are two arrangements of grooves corresponding to projections 6 and 7 on the interior surface of the sleeve 5. Each of these arrangements is constituted by a longitudinal groove (10 or 11) prolonged by a transverse groove (8 or 9) leading into a recess (17 or 18).

Vhen placing the sleeve in position the projections 6 and 7 are respectively engaged in the grooves 10 and 11 and move longitudinally until they arrive opposite to the grooves 8 and 9; the sleeve 5 is then displaced angularly so that the projections 6 and 7 are moved to the ends of the grooves 8 and 9 opposite to the recesses 17 and 18. The parts being in this position, in order to cause the projections to engage the recesses 17 and 18, it is sufficient to exert a forward pressure on the sleeve 5. This forward movement takes place automatically under the action of a return spring 1.

In order to permit of easily making the angular movements of the sleeve the latter is provided with facets 14 and 15 on which the fingers of the operator can easily ob? tain a hold. l,

In order to al'low of'verifying from the end, if the sleeve 5 is in the desired aligni ment, the breech 2 and the sleeve 5 are prof vided with indicator marks; these are constituted by two grooves 12 and 13 which, in the secured position, form the sight.

What I claim is:

1. A movable breech slide for automatic pistols in which the return spring surrounds the barrel and bears against` a closure sleeve fastenedv over the exterior surface of the portion of said breech slide adjacent the barrel opening, said sleeve being provided with inner projections for engaging corresponding grooves inthe outer surface of the breech slide, said grooves each being U-shaped and having unequal branches the longest of which opens at the end of the breech slide to enable said projections to be introduced in said grooves and the other of which terminates short of the end`r of the breech slide, and is adapted to receive said projections to prevent any accidental rotation of the sleeve.

2. A movable breech slide for automatic pistols in which the return spring surrounds the barrel comprising a sleevefprovided with a flange on which the end of the return spring bears, means for fastening said sleeve to the front part of the breech slide, and two facets provided on the exterior of the sleeve and permitting of an angular movement being readily given to it.

3. A movable breech slide for automatic pistols in which the return spring surrounds the barrel comprising a sleeve provided with a flange on which the end of the return spring bears, means for fastening said sleeve to the front part of the breech slide, means permitting of an angular movement being readily given to said sleeve and means indicating when the sleeve is in its fastened position.

4l. A movable breech slide for automatic pistols in which the return spring surrounds the barrel comprising a sleeve provided with a flange on which the end of the return springfbears, means for fastening said sleeve to the front part of the breech slide, means permitting of an angular movement being readily given to said sleeve and longitudinal grooves being provided on the movable breech slide and on the sleeve, these grooves moving into alignment when the sleeveis in its fastened position, and being arrangedso that they constitute the sight.

In testimony whereof I alix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOSEPH DEQLAYE.

Witnesses:

GEORGES VANDER HAEYLEN, CHARLES MERCHET. 

